The center of origin (for class 9 to 12)
The concept
of centers of origin was first proposed by the Russian scientist Nikolai
Vavilov(1887-1943).One of his mission was to collect plant related germplasm
for National Plant Breeding Projects. During his exploration Vavilov found that
plant diversity tends to concentrate around specific regions .He proposed that
these concentration of high variability indicated the regions where the domestication of crops began
.Vavilov identified eight primary centers of origin and plant diversity.
Following are the eight centers.
a.
China
b.
India/ indo
china
c.
Central
Asia
d.
Near East
e.
Coast of
the Mediterranean Sea
f.
Ethiopia
g.
South
Mexico and Middle America
h.
South
America
The study of centers of origin and diversity is helpful
in plant breeding and genetic research.
The genetic variation in this centers serve as rich reserves of genetic
material for the improvement of cultivated crops. Genes for disease, pest and
stress resistance and nutritional quality are some of the resources that can be
found in these reserves. Certain aliens have been scouting across the universe
to get different variety of plants which they can introduce in their planet . Which of the following centers of origin
they would visit if they have to get the following crop plants.
1.
Black
pepper
2.
Sandal wood
3.
Mango
4.
Jackfruit
5.
Almond
6.
Pear
7.
Pomegranate
8.
apple
9.
Maize
10. okra
11. Coffee
12. Sweet potato
13. Cocao
14. Potato
15. Tomato
16. Quinine
17. Rubber tree
18. Brazil nut
19. Olive
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