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CENTERS OF ORIGIN



The center of origin (for class 9 to 12)
The concept of centers of origin was first proposed by the Russian scientist Nikolai Vavilov(1887-1943).One of his mission was to collect plant related germplasm for National Plant Breeding Projects. During his exploration Vavilov found that plant diversity tends to concentrate around specific regions .He proposed that these concentration of high variability indicated  the regions where the domestication of crops began .Vavilov identified eight primary centers of origin and plant diversity. Following are the eight centers.
a.      China
b.      India/ indo china
c.       Central Asia
d.      Near East
e.      Coast of the Mediterranean Sea
f.        Ethiopia
g.      South Mexico and Middle America
h.      South America
The study  of centers of origin and diversity is helpful in  plant breeding and genetic research. The genetic variation in this centers serve as rich reserves of genetic material for the improvement of cultivated crops. Genes for disease, pest and stress resistance and nutritional quality are some of the resources that can be found in these reserves. Certain aliens have been scouting across the universe to get different variety of plants which they can introduce in their  planet . Which of the following centers of origin they would visit if they have to get the following crop plants.

1.      Black pepper
2.      Sandal wood
3.      Mango
4.      Jackfruit
5.      Almond
6.      Pear
7.      Pomegranate
8.      apple
9.      Maize
10.  okra
11.  Coffee

12.  Sweet potato
13.  Cocao
14.  Potato
15.  Tomato
16.  Quinine
17.  Rubber tree
18.  Brazil nut
19.  Olive

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